Ethanol shock enhances the recovery of anthocyanin from lowbush blueberry

Deactivation of polyphenol oxidase (PPO) in natural products is essential for downstream processing of functional molecules used as food or food additives, particularly those served as antioxidants. In the present work, we identified two proteins with PPO activity from lowbush blueberry using ammonium sulphate precipitation and chromatography procedures. Deactivation of these proteins was studied using aqueous solutions of ethanol of different concentrations. The PPO activity was recovered after ethanol removal for the protein samples previously soaked in a low concentration ethanol solution. A complete and unrecoverable deactivation of the proteins was achieved using ethanol with concentration over 70% (v/v), as manifested by the significant changes in circular dichroism (CD) and fluorescence spectroscopy measurements. Based on these findings, we propose a new extraction process for blueberry anthocyanin, in which an ethanol shock, i.e. soaking blueberry fruit in a 70% (v/v) ethanol solution for 1 h, is implemented before subsequent procedures. This new process increases the anthocyanin yield by 55% in comparison to that without the ethanol shock.     

蓝莓溃疡病生防链霉菌CX3的抑菌效果及其鉴定

[目的]为了明确从吉林省长白山保护区池西保护站马鞍山云杉人工林林下土壤分离,所获得1株拮抗菌株(编号记为CX3)的生防效果及分类地位。[方法]分别采用平板对峙法和杯碟法测定该菌株活菌及其发酵液的抑菌活性和抑菌谱;并通过形态学、生理生化特征、16S rRNA序列分析等方法研究了其分类地位。[结果]该菌株对13种供试植物病原菌均有抑制作用,抑菌谱广,其中对蓝莓溃疡病菌有极强的抑制作用,抑菌带达25.91 mm,发酵液的抑菌圈直径达31.73 mm;根据其菌株形态、生理生化特性、16S rRNA序列比对,最终鉴定菌株为链霉菌属Streptomyces sp.。[结论]该菌株对蓝莓溃疡病菌有显著的抑制效果,应用开发前景良好,此次是国内首次报道该菌株杀真菌活性。     

Impact of Ozonation Process on the Microbiological Contamination and Antioxidant Capacity of Highbush Blueberry (Vaccinum corymbosum L.) Fruit during Cold Storage

In the studies conducted, the impact of the innovative ozonation procedure on the microbial state and antioxidant potential of highbush blueberry (Vaccinum corymbosum L.) stored under cold storage conditions was assessed. Microbiological analysis was carried out to determine the total number of mesophilic aerobic bacteria and the total number of fungi during the storage experiment. In addition, changes in the flavonoid, anthocyanins, and vitamin C content and the total antioxidant capacity were monitored during the storage. The degree of fruit infection with gray mold and anthracnose was determined. It was found that daily ozonation of fruits with a dose of 15 ppm for 30 min, every 12 h, for 28 days effectively reduced the development of aerobic mesophilic bacteria and fungi. On the last day of storage, symptoms of the infection by gray mold were observed in 27.5% of the control fruit, while the absence of symptoms was observed in case of the ozonated fruit. On the other hand, ozone was ineffective in case of inhibiting the infection by anthracnose. Nevertheless, the ozonation process allowed maintaining a high antioxidant potential of the fruit and substantially reduced losses of flavonoids, anthocyanins, and vitamin C. The utilized procedure has proved to be effective, providing the possibility of extensive use of ozone as a factor allowing sustaining a high commercial and consumption value of the fruit over extended time.     

超声波法提取蓝莓叶总黄酮的工艺优化

以总黄酮提取率为考核指标,采用单因素实验与正交实验优化了超声波法提取蓝莓叶总黄酮的工艺条件,确定了最佳工艺条件为:提取溶剂为70%乙醇、固液比1∶35(g∶mL)、超声波功率210 W、提取时间40min,在此条件下,总黄酮平均提取率为8.0%,工艺稳定性良好。与常规提取方法相比,超声波法提取蓝莓叶总黄酮具有省时、经济、环保等优势。     

蓝莓花色苷提取物干预人肝癌细胞对葡萄糖消耗的作用研究

探究蓝莓花色苷提取物对胰岛素抵抗的人肝癌细胞HepG2细胞对葡萄糖消耗的干预作用。利用MTT实验筛选得到3个品种蓝莓花色苷提取物的最适作用浓度;筛选胰岛素和葡萄糖诱导HepG2细胞产生胰岛素抵抗的最佳浓度;以MTT矫正细胞数量,用葡萄糖氧化酶法检测细胞培养基中葡萄糖的变化来研究蓝莓花色苷提取物的对细胞胰岛素抵抗的干预作用。北陆花色苷提取物在低于200μg/m L的浓度时,灿烂和园蓝花色苷提取物在低于100μg/m L的浓度时,对HepG2细胞活力无明显影响;以诱导剂胰岛素的浓度为1×10-8mol/L,孵育24h作为诱导条件,其模型效果较佳、对细胞活力改变小且稳定性好;3个品种的蓝莓花色苷提取物在7.8125～31.25μg/m L浓度时,可不同程度促进正常HepG2细胞和胰岛素抵抗的HepG2细胞对葡萄糖的消耗量,且与剂量成正比关系,在31.25μg/m L达到促进最大值,与模型组比较均有极显著差异,糖消耗量分别增加了60%、65%和88%。三个品种的蓝莓花色苷提取物均能较好的预防和改善胰岛素抵抗HepG2细胞对葡萄糖的利用。